A research paper should be a combination of your ideas and the previous research of other scholars on the same topic. You can use another scholar's words, facts and ideas, but this borrowed material must not be presented as your own creation.You should be looking for sources that provide you with new information about the topic that expands or supports your ideas.
Reusing work you did for a previous assignment-- even though it is your own-- is also considered plagiarism. Seek guidance from your instructor if you would like to cite your own work.
It is your responsibility as a university student to learn and use appropriate research writing techniques. See the UWM Handbook for the official statement on Academic Misconduct.
Citation Styles
Select your citation style from the menu below. This will link you to a citation style guide. The citation styles include:
This guide includes examples of APA style end-of-text references for books and articles and in-text references. Use the resources linked below for information on end-of-text references for other materials and formats.
Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume number(issue number), pages. https://doi.org/xx.xxx/yyyy
Ellery, K. (2008). Undergraduate plagiarism: A pedagogical perspective. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 33(5), 507-516.
Herbst-Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. (2005). Volunteer support, marital status, and the survival times of terminally ill patients. Health Psychology, 24, 225-229. doi: 10.1037/0278-6133.24.225
Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle. Publisher Name. DOI (if available)
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year of publication). Title of chapter. In E. E. Editor & F. F. Editor (Eds.), Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle (pp. pages of chapter). Publisher. DOI (if available)
Shields, C. J. (2006). Mockingbird: A portrait of Harper Lee. Henry Holt.
Anson, C. M., Schwegler, R. A., & Muth, M. F. (2000). The Longman writer's companion. (4th ed). Longman.
Smith, P. M. (2006). The diverse librarian. In E. Connor (Ed.). An introduction to reference services in academic libraries. (pp. 137-140). Haworth Press.
Any time a source is directly quoted or paraphrased it needs to be cited within the text, in addition to appearing in the list of references.
Direct Quote: You will need to include the author, year of publication, and page number of the quote.
Paraphrasing: APA requires that, with paraphrasing, the author and year of publication be included in the in-text citation. The inclusion of the page number is not required but is encouraged.