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The variety of source types used in music history, and the ways we use them, can make citation of sources a bit confusing. Here are a few guidelines:
1. Basic general facts that are common knowledge do not require citation (dates, biographical data, etc.).
2. Your interpretation of the music, and your own conclusions do not require citation.
3. Recordings used for general reference do not require citation, but if you refer to details of the performance, they should be cited.
4. ALWAYS cite the analysis, commentary, or interpretation of other writers.
5. Cite the score the first time you refer to a measure number or other detail.
Each time you refer to an outside source, it should be documented in a footnote or an endnote. Ask your professor which style you should use. The format of the footnote/endnote citation is different than that of the bibliography citation.
In text:
Shields describes the 1950's New York art scene as "tailor-made for socializing." 1
Footnote:
1. Charles Shields, Mockingbird: A Portrait of Harper Lee (New York: Henry Holt, 2006), 21.
Note number. Author First Name Author Last Name, "Title of Article," Title of Journal Volume, no. Issue (Year of Publication): Page range.
1. Karen Ellery, "Undergraduate Plagiarism: A Pedagogical Perspective," Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education 33, no. 5 (2008): 507.
2. Maxin Mozgovoy, Tuomo Kakkonen, and Georgina Cosma, "Automatic Student Plagiarism Detection: Future Perspectives," Journal of Educational Computing Research 43, no. 4 (2010): 511-12, doi:10.2190/EC.43.4.e.
Note number. Author First Name Author Last Name, Title of Book, Edition ed. (Place of Publication: Publisher Name, Year of Publication), Page Range.
Note number. Author First Name Author Last Name, "Title of Chapter/Essay," in Title of Book, ed. Editor's name (Place of Publication: Publisher Name, Year of Publication), Page Range.
4. Charles Shields, Mockingbird: A Portrait of Harper Lee (New York: Henry Holt, 2006), 21.
5. Jeanne Ellis Ormrod and Dinah Jackson McGuire, Case Studies: Applying Educational Psychology, 2nd ed. (Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson/Merrill Prentice Hall, 2007), 114-15.
6. Paul Smith, "The Diverse Librarian," in An Introduction to Reference Services in Academic Libraries, ed. Elizabeth Connor (Binghamptom, NY: Haworth Press, 2006), 137.
Author Last Name, Author First Name. "Title of Article." Title of Journal Volume, no. Issue (Year of Publication): Page range. DOI or URL.
Ellery, Karen. "Undergraduate Plagiarism: A Pedagogical Perspective." Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education 33, no. 5 (2008): 507.
Mozgovoy, Maxin, Tuomo Kakkonen, and Georgina Cosma. "Automatic Student Plagiarism Detection: Future Perspectives." Journal of Educational Computing Research 43, no. 4 (2010): 511-31. doi:10.2190/EC.43.4.e.
Author Last Name, Author First Name. Title of Book. Edition ed. Place of Publication: Publisher Name, Year of Publication.
Author Last Name, Author First Name "Title of Chapter/Essay." In Title of Book, edited by Editor's Name, Page Range. Place of Publication: Publisher Name, Year of Publication.
Shields, Charles. Mockingbird: A Portrait of Harper Lee. New York: Henry Holt, 2006.
Ormrod, Jeanne Ellis, and Dinah Jackson McGuire. Case Studies: Applying Educational Psychology. 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson/Merrill Prentice Hall, 2007.
Smith, Paul. "The Diverse Librarian." In An Introduction to Reference Services in Academic Libraries, edited by Elizabeth Connor, 137. Binghampton, NY: University of North Carolina Press, 2000.