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Communication 335: Critical Analysis of Communication

In-Text References (Notes & bibliography style, 16th ed.)

Each time you refer to an outside source, it should be documented in a footnote or an endnote. Ask your professor which style you should use. The format of the footnote/endnote citation is different than that of the bibliography citation. 

  • Footnotes appear at the bottom of the page on which the source is referenced. Endnotes appear at the end of the chapter or document in which the source is referenced.
  • A superscript number should appear at the end of the sentence in which the source is quoted or paraphrased.
  • Each footnote/endnote must correspond to a superscript number in consecutive order beginning with 1.
  • If you cite the same source more than once, you can use the shortened form or use "Ibid". For more information check the Chicago Manual of Style Online.

In text:

Shields describes the 1950's New York art scene as "tailor-made for socializing." 1

Footnote:

1. Charles Shields, Mockingbird: A Portrait of Harper Lee (New York: Henry Holt, 2006), 21.

Template

Note number. Author First Name Author Last Name, "Title of Article," Title of Journal Volume, no. Issue (Year of Publication): Page range.

Examples

Print Article

1. Karen Ellery, "Undergraduate Plagiarism: A Pedagogical Perspective," Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education 33, no. 5 (2008): 507.

Online Article

2. Maxin Mozgovoy, Tuomo Kakkonen, and Georgina Cosma, "Automatic Student Plagiarism Detection: Future Perspectives," Journal of Educational Computing Research 43, no. 4 (2010): 511-12, doi:10.2190/EC.43.4.e.

Template

Book

Note number. Author First Name Author Last Name, Title of Book, Edition ed. (Place of Publication: Publisher Name, Year of Publication), Page Range.

Chapter in an edited book

Note number. Author First Name Author Last Name, "Title of Chapter/Essay," in Title of Book, ed. Editor's name (Place of Publication: Publisher Name, Year of Publication), Page Range.

Examples

One author

4. Charles Shields, Mockingbird: A Portrait of Harper Lee (New York: Henry Holt, 2006), 21.

Multiple authors

5. Jeanne Ellis Ormrod and Dinah Jackson McGuire, Case Studies: Applying Educational Psychology, 2nd ed. (Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson/Merrill Prentice Hall, 2007), 114-15.

Chapter in an edited book

6. Paul Smith, "The Diverse Librarian," in An Introduction to Reference Services in Academic Libraries, ed. Elizabeth Connor (Binghamptom, NY: Haworth Press, 2006), 137.

Formatting Requirements for COMMUN 473

From the course syllabus:

All papers should be written in standard academic English, following the “Notes-Bibliography” format outlined in the most recent edition of the Chicago Manual of Style. Unless otherwise specified by the instructor, all papers should be submitted in typed hard copy, double-spaced, using twelve-point Times New Roman font, with one-inch left and right margins. Papers must be stapled in the upper left-hand corner and include your name, the course number, and the date. DO NOT use report covers, folders, or binders.